I have the same Problem.
Turning off Filter is a workaround for now, it seems that the Objects & Collections Blender IDs filter does not do what its name says.

@Enzio Probst (enzio) correction, after playing around with it it seems that the filter icon for "Collections," and "Objects," are combined, and clicking it multiple times toggles between the two.

@Zach Hixson (zachThePerson) ooh right, but it doesn't seem like it's behaivour is like it should be, after a few clicks / shift + clicks, it toggles both objects and collections together instead of switching between the two, somehow the logic behind it seems weird.

@Enzio Probst (enzio) I agree, sorry for not clarifying: The behavior is definitely not correct, I was just posting my observation to possibly help lead developers do the solution.

@Germano Cavalcante (mano-wii) It seems to work in 2.82
For 2.81 i testet it on two different Windows 10 machines and a linux machine. I get the same broken behaviour everywhere but only in 2.81. It seems to work normal in 2.82.

I can confirm that it's broken in 2.81, but works in 2.82.

Considering it was working a couple of days ago with a fairly recent build of 2.81 my guess isn't that they fixed it in 2.82, but instead changed something which broke it in 2.81 and that change hasn't been transferred to 2.82 yet.

I'm still a but fuzzy on the new Bcon schedule, but this seems like the most likely option with my understanding.

@Enzio Probst (enzio) try un factory reset start in blender 2.81

@noki paike (amonpaike) factory resetting didn't fix it on my linux machine (havent't tried it anywhere else yet)

In T70995#799437, @Enzio Probst (enzio) wrote:

@Germano Cavalcante (mano-wii) It seems to work in 2.82
For 2.81 i testet it on two different Windows 10 machines and a linux machine. I get the same broken behaviour everywhere but only in 2.81. It seems to work normal in 2.82.

@Bastien Montagne (mont29), any idea what might have caused this?
If there was any correction in this area, I believe it should go to the 2.81 release brach.

Have no idea, afaik nothing changed and that’s working well for me here (linux, morning’s build). But busy with the bconf stuff, so unless I can get reproducible steps not much I can do here currently.

In T70995#799683, @Bastien Montagne (mont29) wrote:

Once and for: I CANNOT REPRODUCE! So please do not assign until you actually know HOW to reproduce the issue. And which commit caused it (do regression). Then at least you know who is responsible for it. Waste of time otherwise.

Well, you didn't say exactly if you used the release branch or master. I thought the extra information would help.
But I believe I found the commit that fixed the problem in master.
I will assign for the right person ;)

@Germano Cavalcante (mano-wii): this one is for @Julian Eisel (Severin), this has been reported before, see T70921: Collection Images and Lights disabled by default in Linking / Appending [commit is missing in release branch], will actually confirm that one then (and probably set to High prio since this can be annoying...)