Cannot reproduce here

**System Information**
Operating system: Linux-5.13.0-0.rc6.45.fc35.x86_64-x86_64-with-glibc2.34.9000 64 Bits
Graphics card: NVIDIA GeForce GTX 970M/PCIe/SSE2 NVIDIA Corporation 4.5.0 NVIDIA 495.44
version: 3.0.1 Release Candidate, branch: master, commit date: 2022-01-12 07:17, hash: `rBaafbd7464656`

Could this be related to the driver version 511.09?
If possible: could you check with an older version?

Can not reproduce either on 3.0.1(aafbd7464656)

Operating system: Windows-10-10.0.19043-SP0 64 Bits
Graphics card: AMD Radeon(TM) 535 ATI Technologies Inc. 4.5.14831 Core Profile Context 21.5.2 27.20.21003.8013

If the vertex colors came from Geometry Nodes, this is a duplicate of T93179: Eevee Attribute Rendering Has Some Left Out Nodes Comparing with Cycles.

The other possibility I can think of is that Sculpt colors are turned on under Experimental features, but those don’t ship in release builds, right?

Thanks @Pratik Borhade (PratikPB2123) and @Evan Wilson (EAW) for investigation.
I have retired on another setup, Other CPU, GPU, OS and I got exactly the same result unfortunately :(

System Information
Operating system: Windows-10-10.0.19043-SP0 64 Bits
Graphics card: GeForce GTX 760/PCIe/SSE2 NVIDIA Corporation 4.5.0 NVIDIA 456.71
Driver version : 320.49

I've also disable all the experimental features .

@Evan Wilson (EAW) : The vertex color don't come from Geometry Nodes, but directly from few brush strokes made in the Vertex Paint mode.

I've discover something else which I'm not sure is related to that, but Vertex color doesn't show up in Workbench when trying to show the data on 3.0, 3.01, but works fine in 2.93.7 or 3.1 alpha

In T94898#1288694, @Laurent Boucher (tilapiatsu) wrote:

I've discover something else which I'm not sure is related to that, but Vertex color doesn't show up in Workbench when trying to show the data on 3.0, 3.01, but works fine in 2.93.7 or 3.1 alpha

This is all fine for me in 3.0 and 3.0.1 release candidate as well...

In T94898#1288573, @Laurent Boucher (tilapiatsu) wrote:

Graphics card: GeForce GTX 760/PCIe/SSE2 NVIDIA Corporation 4.5.0 NVIDIA 456.71
Driver version : 320.49

? is it 456.71 or 320.49?

My bad, It was really confusing indeed.
I have tried with both versions. I've tried first with 456.71, Then I have downgraded to 320.49 as you have suggested

I think I have found where the issue come from.

I have reverted my preference to Factory Default and now it works correctly. I think I have enable the "use_sculpt_vertex_colors" in the experimental feature before and it stayed enabled in my userpref.

Now the option is not visible anymore in the Preference menu but you can still modify its value in Python with :

bpy.context.preferences.experimental.use_sculpt_vertex_colors = True

My issue is now solved but I still think something have to be done to avoid this.

What do you think @Philipp Oeser (lichtwerk) ?

Thanks for the followup @Philipp Oeser (lichtwerk)

Marking with 3.2 since this relies on an experimental feature and so is not blocking for 3.1.